In January 1933 there were some 523,000 Jews in Germany, representing less than 1 percent of the country’s total population. Approximately one-third of German Jews lived in Berlin. About 36,000 Jews left Germany and Austria in 1938 and 77,000 in 1939.During 1938–1939, in an program known as the Kindertransport, the United Kingdom admitted 10,000 unaccompanied Jewish children on an emergency basis. By September 1939, approximately 282,000 Jews had left Germany and 117,000 from annexed Austria. Of these, some 95,000 emigrated to the United States, 60,000 to Palestine, 40,000 to Great Britain, and about 75,000 to Central and South America, with the largest numbers entering Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Bolivia. More than 18,000 Jews from the German Reich were also able to find refuge in Shanghai, in Japanese-occupied China.At the end of 1939, about 202,000 Jews remained in Germany and 57,000 in annexed Austria, many of them elderly. By October 1941, when Jewish emigration was officially forbidden, the number of Jews in Germany had declined to 163,000. The vast majority of those Jews still in Germany were murdered in Nazi camps during the Holocaust. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was named chancellor, the most powerful position in the German government.Hitler was the leader of the right-wing National Socialist German Workers Party (called “the Nazi Party” for short).the Nazis had won only a plurality of 33 percent of the votes in the 1932 elections to the German parliament . Hitler moved quickly to end German democracy. He convinced his cabinet to invoke emergency clauses of the constitution that permitted the suspension of individual freedoms of press, speech, and assembly. Special security forces—the Gestapo, the Storm Troopers (SA), and the SS–murdered or arrested leaders of opposition political parties (Communists, socialists, and liberals). 
Hallie Ladouceur
The Holocaust - A Visual History 